Ukusakazwa kwesikole mayelana nekhemistri ezimpilweni zethu sekumi ngomumo futhi sekuphelile, kanye nokusakazwa mayelana neviki lekhemistri. Ingabe uyazi mayelana nekhemistri?

I-Chemistry isayensi edlula ezinye isayensi eminingi.
Izifundo ze-Chemistry kanye nezinguquko ezenzeka kuzo, izakhiwo zento, ukwakheka kwazo, ukwakheka kwazo, indlela yokuziphatha, ukusebenzisana engabamba iqhaza kukho, nakho konke okwenzekayo phakathi nalokhu kusebenzisana kanye nemikhiqizo ewumphumela.

Isingeniso somsakazo wesikole ngekhemistri

Esethulweni sesiteshi somsakazo samakhemikhali, siveza ukuthi i-chemistry ihlola ama-athomu, izibopho ezakha phakathi kwawo akha ama-molecule, izindlela zokuhlanganisa ama-molecule kwamanye, kanye nokusebenzisana okwenzeka phakathi kwawo.

I-Chemistry iphinde ibandakanyeke ezimbonini eziningi, njengalezi: ukwakhiwa kwezinto zokuhlanza, upende, ukudla, ukudaya, imithi, nezidakamizwa, kanye nokwakhiwa kwezikhali nezindwangu.Okunye okuyisisekelo okuhambisana nesayensi eningi.

Umsakazo ku-chemistry

I-Chemistry ingenye yesayensi yemvelo, ehlanganisa ne-physics, geology, biology kanye ne-astronomy. Usosayensi u-Jabir bin Hayyan ungumsunguli wekhemistri yesimanje.

Emsakazweni wesikole ophathelene nesayensi yokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali, sikhuluma ngalokho uJabir bin Hayyan akusho mayelana nokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali: “Umsebenzi wendima eyinhloko yomfundi wesayensi yokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali uwukusebenza nokwenza ucwaningo. Ulwazi alunakutholwa ngaphandle kwalo.”

I-Chemistry inamagatsha amaningi, kufaka phakathi amagatsha okuhlaziya, emvelo, e-organic, e-inorganic, namanye.

Umsakazo mayelana namakhemikhali ezimpilweni zethu

Umsuka wegama elithi chemistry ubuyela olimini lwesi-Arabhu, futhi lisuselwa esenzweni esithi "quantum", okusho ukumboza nokufihla, ngoba ekuqaleni kokuvela kwamakhemikhali kwakuhloswe ukuguqula izinsimbi ezishibhile zibe izinsimbi eziyigugu, futhi. ukuzama ukuthola i-elixir yokwelapha ukuguga nokugcina ubusha baphakade, futhi isayensi yayizungezwe iMystery eminingi, njengoba usokhemisi wancoma kubafundi bakhe ukuthi bagcine ubuciko bomsebenzi buyimfihlo, ngoba ukuyisakaza izingozi ezihlobene nokulungiswa kwamakhemikhali angase abangele okukhulu. isiphithiphithi nencithakalo.

Isazi-mlando esaziwayo u-Ibn Khaldun sasihlasela imboni yamakhemikhali kanye nabasebenzi bayo ngenxa yezimpawu nama-hieroglyphs emibhalweni yabo okunzima ukuyiqonda.

Abanye abacwaningi bathi umsuka wegama elithi chemistry olimini lukaFaro, lapho igama lithathwe egameni elithi “kemet”, okusho ukuthi umhlaba omnyama noma umhlaba ovundile ozungeze iNayile, kanti i-chemistry ingenye yesayensi abaseGibhithe lasendulo ababeyazi. futhi isetshenziswa ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukucwiliswa kwezidumbu nokugcinwa kokudla.

Abanye bacabanga ukuthi leli gama livela kwelesiGrikhi elithi “khema” elisho ukuhlaziya, kuyilapho abanye bakholelwa ukuthi leli gama lisuka kwelesiHeberu elithi “shaman” elisho imfihlakalo nezimfihlo.” Nokho, labo ababeka isisekelo sesayensi. amakhemikhali esimanje kwakungama-Arabhu.

Isigaba seKur'an eNgcwele yokusakaza ngekhemistri

Isayensi yanamuhla ibonise ukuthi i-athomu iqukethe izingxenye ezincane njenge-proton, i-electron ne-neutron.

• “UAllah akaphazamisi isisindo se-athomu, futhi uma kuyisenzo esihle Uyasiphindaphinda futhi akhiphe umvuzo omkhulu ovela kuYe.” (abesifazane abangama-XNUMX)
• "Futhi akukho okuphunyuka eNkosini yakho esisindweni se-athomu emhlabeni noma ezulwini." (amaYunus angama-XNUMX)
• “Akukho sisindo se-athomu ezulwini noma emhlabeni esiphunyuka kuYe.” (XNUMX Sheba)
• Yithi: "Bizani labo enithi ngaphandle kukaMvelinqangi, abanaso isisindo se-athomu emazulwini nasemhlabeni." (XNUMX ABA)
• "Lowo owenza isisindo se-athomu sokuhle uzokubona, futhi noma ngubani owenza isisindo se-athomu sobubi uzokubona." Surat Al-Zalzalah

Inkulumo ehloniphekile emsakazweni wesikole mayelana nekhemistri

Phakathi kwama-hadith okukhulunywa ngawo ngamaminerali:

Ngegunya lika-Abu Hurairah, sengathi uNkulunkulu angajabula ngaye, ngegunya lesiThunywa sikaMvelinqangi, sengathi imikhuleko nokuthula kukaMvelinqangi kube kuye: “Abantu bangamaminerali njengamatshe esiliva negolide, ukukhetha kwabo ekungazini ukukhetha ku-Islam uma beqonda."

Phakathi kwama-hadith achaza izimangaliso zesayensi ku-Sunnah yoMprofethi:

U-Abu Burdah walandisa ngegunya likayise, wathi: “Sakhuleka iMaghrib kanye nesiThunywa sikaAllah, sase sithi: Ukube sike sahlala saze sathandaza kanye naye isidlo sakusihlwa.
Wathi: “Sahlala phansi, waphuma weza kithi, wathi: “Nisekhona na?” Sathi: O, siThunywa sikaMvelinqangi, sakhuleka nawe iMaghrib, sase sithi: Sizohlala phansi size sithandaze nawe u-Isha.
Wathi: “Wenze kahle” noma “Ubeqinisile.”
Wathi: Ngakho-ke waphakamisela ikhanda lakhe esibhakabhakeni, futhi wayevame ukuphakamisela ikhanda lakhe esibhakabhakeni, ngakho wathi: “Izinkanyezi ziyiziphathimandla zesibhakabhaka, ngakho-ke lapho izinkanyezi zihamba, izulu liza njengesithembiso, futhi mina ngiyisithenjwa sabangane bami, ngakho-ke lapho ehamba abahlanganyeli Bami bayofika njengoba bebethenjisiwe, futhi abahlanganyeli bami bayoba isivikelo kuMmah wami, ngakho-ke lapho ababehamba nami behamba, Ummah wami uyofika nalokho abakuthenjisiwe.”

Imithetho yekhemistri yomsakazo wesikole

Izingqondo zabantu zifana nokukhononda; Phakathi kwazo kukhona okunamandla nokubuthakathaka, nalokho okuphakathi, futhi isayensi ye-chemistry ingathwalwa kuphela ngabanamandla nabaqinile, futhi noma ubani onothando lwesayensi, isayensi iba yindawo engcwele kuye. (Jaber bin Hayyan)

• Umuntu ocela loludaba kumele ahlakaniphe ngoba lemboni idinga izimpikiswano nobufakazi kumele ufakazele ubunjalo bayo, inhloso yayo kanye nobuningi bayo ukuze lowo ongena kuyo angene enokuqondisisa isimo sakhe nesiqiniseko sodaba lwakhe. ukuze azi izinkathi zonyaka kanye nemiphumela esobala, ukuze ukuziphatha kwakhe kube ngokuqiniseka nolwazi oluphelele. (Jaber bin Hayyan)
• Akufani nomuntu osuka ebumnyameni futhi akhubeke ekuzenzekeni, ngoba le mboni ayikho ngokucwaninga noma ukuthi yavela kanjani, kodwa kunalokho iqondene nalowo onombono olungile, isifaniso esidingekayo, kanye nesifundo esihlala njalo se ulwazi olucacile, lweqiniso. (Jaber bin Hayyan)
• I-Chemistry iyisayensi yokuhlola.
  Iziphetho zayo zithathwe emininingwaneni, futhi izimiso zayo zisekelwa ubufakazi obuvela emaqinisweni. (Michael Faraday)
• I-Chemistry iyisihloko esiyisisekelo semizimba exubile. (Robert Boyle)
• I-Chemistry iwubuciko besayensi lapho umuntu angaxazulula khona imizimba, akhiphe izinto ezihlukene ezakhayo, nendlela yokuhlanganisa futhi. Intandokazi
• Ikhemistri iwubuciko bokuncibilikisa imizimba exubile, exubile, noma eqoqiwe ibe izingxenye zayo eziyinhloko futhi ihlanganise le mizimba kusukela kulezi zinto. (George Stahl)
• Izwe elingaphambi kwawo wonke umhlaba emkhakheni we-alchemy lizoba yindawo yokuqala mayelana nengcebo nokuchuma okuvamile. (William Ramsey)
• Isikhathi siwukuhlola okungcono kakhulu komsebenzi wesayensi, futhi ngiyaqaphela ukuthi okutholwe yizimboni akuvamile ukunikeza zonke izithelo zakho ezandleni zomtholi wawo. (Louis Pasteur)
• I-Chemistry, ngokungafani nezinye isayensi, yavela ezenzweni ezikhohlisayo nezinkolelo-ze.
  Ekuqalweni kwayo yayilingana ncamashi nemilingo nokubhula ngezinkanyezi. (Thomas Thompson)
• I-Chemistry iqala ezinkanyezini, izinkanyezi ziwumthombo wezakhi zamakhemikhali, izinsimbi zokwakha zendaba kanye nenhliziyo yesihloko sethu. (Peter Atkins)
• Sicabanga ukuthi kukhona umbala.
  Sicabanga ukuthi kukhona ukunambitheka okumnandi.
  Sicabanga ukuthi kukhona ukunambitheka okubabayo.
  Kodwa empeleni kukhona ama-athomu nokungabi nalutho. (Democritus)

Izinkondlo mayelana namakhemikhali omsakazo wesikole

Imbongi yathi:

I am chemistry futhi ngicabanga ngathi..
Ithuthukisa ingqondo futhi ikhulise ngokuqinisekile.

Uma abantu benentshisekelo yokusungula..
Ubabona bezulazula endleleni yami.

I share everything in life..
Futhi ningene kuzo zonke izindlu ngokungathandi.

Ungaphili impilo ngaphandle kukasawoti.
Futhi akukhona ngaphandle kwamanzi ukuthi siyaphila.

Uma kuvuka izimpi, ulwazi lwami luyovuka.
Ukuxazulula lolu daba futhi uMalkina wawina

Ngegesi ecishayo kanye nofulawa owuphoyizeni..
Uma ethinta ikhala, azobhubha.

Futhi esitebhisini ubona ubuciko obuvela kimi..
Umuthi wamathambo wamaSulumane.

Nginomusa kulowo ogcina ulwazi lwami.
Nokubhujiswa kwabahlaseli.

Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi iNtshonalanga ayifundile.
Futhi uyakhohlwa ukuthi ubaba kwakungu-Ibn Sina.

U-Al-Fadl waqala ngendlu yama-Arabhu.
Imali yama-Arab yalala.

Phakathi kwezinkondlo zomfundi we-chemistry:

I-chemistry, ngakho-ke sibuze isiqiniseko. Izingubo zikutshela esihlangabezane nakho

Idabukile njengokungathi le asidi inemikhondo yomlilo, ngakho yasha futhi safa

Iphunga lamagesi liphuma kulo futhi lihlala izinyanga, noma iminyaka

Futhi izandla zethu zipendwe ngayo yonke imibala kadayi.

Uyasihlobisa usiphe indondo esiqhakambisayo nehlala njalo sisaphila.

I-chemistry, futhi singamasosha ayo.Kuze kube phezulu, sikhuphukela abanduleli bethu

Isibani solwazi siwumthombo wethu, futhi siletha lonke ulwazi lwezinhlaka zethu

Uma sifuna, senza yonke into emhlabeni ngebhomu likafulawa

Futhi uma sifuna, senza yonke into emhlabeni ngokuhlonishwa okuthile

Sakaza ngeviki leKhemistry

Iviki le-Arab Chemistry ligujwa minyaka yonke kusukela zingama-25 kuya zingama-31 kuMfumfu futhi lamukelwa yi-Union of Arab Chemists. Phakathi nalo mcimbi waminyaka yonke, kwethulwa izinkulumo, izinkundla zokucobelelana ngolwazi nezifundo zokuqeqesha, kubanjwe amasemina nezingqungquthela, futhi kuhlonishwe abantu abavelele kwezakhemikhali. futhi abantu abenze impumelelo ebonakalayo kule sayensi Abacwaningi, abafundi, othisha, nabasebenzi emkhakheni wokuhumusha nokubhala bayakhuthazwa ukuthi bethule okusemandleni abo emikhakheni yabo.

Iviki Lekhemistry lisikhanyisela ngokucacile le sayensi emangalisayo nemiphumela yayo ekuphileni nasekuthuthukeni kwezizwe, lapho kusakazwa khona izincwadi nomagazini bezemfundo abahlobene nale sayensi, futhi okuthunyelwe kucushwe ezingosini zokuxhumana.

Ingabe uyazi mayelana chemistry

• Ubuwazi yini ukuthi lowo owabeka isisekelo sesayensi yamakhemikhali esimanje usosayensi ongum-Arab u-Jabir bin Hayyan.
• I-Chemistry iyisisekelo sesayensi futhi ingenye yesayensi yemvelo ebaluleke kakhulu.
• I-Alchemy yabantu basendulo yayiyisayensi yokuguqula izinsimbi eziyisisekelo zibe izinsimbi eziyigugu.
• I-Chemistry isayensi ephenya izakhiwo zezinto zokwakha, ukusabela ezibamba iqhaza kukho, kanye nezakhiwo zemikhiqizo yalokhu kusabela.
• I-Chemistry ifunda izigaba zento, okuqinile, uketshezi, negesi, futhi iphenya izakhi, izinhlanganisela, nezingxube ezifanayo nezingafani.
• Izinto ezisesimweni esiqinile zizinzile ngoba zinokuminyana okuphezulu kanye namabanga amancane kakhulu phakathi kwezinhlayiya.
• Izinto ezisesimweni esiwuketshezi zimise okwesitsha esiziqukethe futhi zihamba ngaphakathi kohlaka olulinganiselwe.Ukuminyana kwazo kungaphansi kokwezinto eziqinile, futhi amabanga phakathi kwezinhlayiya zazo makhulu kunasendaweni yezinto eziqinile.
• Izinto ezisesimweni segesi azinawo umumo oqondile futhi zisakazeka kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, futhi ukuminyana kwazo kuphansi, kuyilapho ibanga phakathi kwezinhlayiya zazo likhulu.
• Izinto ezisesimweni se-plasma lapho udaba lusesimweni segesi ye-ionized lapho ama-electron ekhululekile futhi engaboshiwe kuma-athomu, okuyisimo sesine sendaba.
• Imvukuzane iyiyunithi yokulinganisa yenani lento futhi ilingana no-6.02214076 x 10 kumandla angama-23.
• I-athomu iyiyunithi eyisisekelo yodaba futhi iqukethe ama-proton ashajwe kahle, ama-electron ashajwa kabi, nama-neutron ashajwe ngokungathathi hlangothi.
• Izinombolo ze-Quantum ziyizinombolo ezine futhi zicacisa indawo ye-electron ku-athomu, okuyinombolo ye-quantum eyinhloko, inombolo yesibili ye-quantum, inombolo ye-quantum kazibuthe kanye nenombolo ye-spin quantum.
• I-molecule iyiyunithi engenakuhlukaniswa ye-athomu entweni ehlanzekile futhi inezici zayo ezihlukile ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali.
• Ama-ion yi-athomu esesimweni sayo sokushajwa lapho ilahlekelwe khona noma ithole ama-electron.
• I-elementi uhlobo olulodwa lwe-athomu.
• Inhlanganisela yinto eyakhiwe izilinganiso ezingaguquki zezakhi.
• Ingxube ingxube yezinhlanganisela ezahlukene.

Isiphetho sokusakazwa komsakazo ngamakhemikhali

Ekuphetheni komsakazo wesikole omayelana nekhemistri, sikukhumbuza mfundi othandekayo ukuthi ikhemistri ingenye yesayensi ebaluleke kakhulu ezimpilweni zethu.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi isayensi ofuna ukuyifundela, kufanele uyinakekele i-chemistry ukuze ikunikeze isifundo. nombono obanzi mayelana nale sayensi futhi uphendule imibuzo eminingi ephakama engqondweni yakho mayelana nalezi sayensi.