Izibalo isayensi eyasuka kuzilinganiso, ukubala, ne-arithmetic, yase ithuthukiswa ngemva kwalokho, futhi yahlukahluka kakhulu ukuze ifake isayensi eminingi ebalulekile njengejometri, i-algebra, kanye nemishini.
IMathematika ingenye yesayensi evamile esetshenziswa kabanzi ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo okuhlukahlukene, nezinye isayensi eminingi efana ne-physics incike kuyo, ngaphezu kokuhlela, futhi cishe ayikho isayensi engafaki izibalo ngandlela thile.
Izibalo ziyisayensi yasendulo lapho umlando wesintu obhaliwe wethulwa khona; Abantu basendulo babeyisebenzisa ekwakheni nasekulinganiseni, futhi yayibaluleke kakhulu empucukweni yaseGibhithe lasendulo. Ubunjiniyela, isayensi yezinkanyezi nezinye isayensi zachuma.
Isingeniso somsakazo wesikole ngezibalo
Ngesethulo sezibalo zokusakaza ezikoleni, sithanda ukuveza ukuthi izibalo bezisetshenziswa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo ekubaleni izinyanga, iminyaka, amanani nezinkathi zonyaka, futhi abaseBhabhiloni nabaseGibhithe basendulo babeyisebenzisa ekubaleni imali engenayo, intela, isakhiwo kanye nokwakha. ama-akhawunti, kanye nezilinganiso zezinkanyezi.
Ithiyori kaPythagorean iyisibonelo sentshisekelo yempucuko yasendulo kwizibalo.Ayikho impucuko ngaphandle kwesayensi nezilinganiso ezinembile, futhi izibalo ziyisisekelo isayensi eminingi ethembele kuso.
Umsakazo wesikole obhalwe ngezibalo
I-Mathematics ingenye yesayensi ebaluleke kakhulu engeke ikhishwe, futhi ama-Arabhu anesikweletu esikhulu kule sayensi, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zokuchuma kombuso wamaSulumane, lapho yonke into ebhalwe ngezibalo yahunyushwa isuka ezilimini ezihlukahlukene. umhlaba, wabe esehlaziywa, wacwaningwa, wakhelwa phezu kwawo, futhi wabeka izisekelo zamagatsha athile ezibalo njengesayensi i-Algebra ne-trigonometry.
Ama-Arabhu aba ngawokuqala ukusungula isayensi ye-algebra, futhi kunemibhalo eminingi enyatheliswa isazi u-Al-Khwarizmi mayelana nale sayensi.” Ama-Arabhu ayeyizingqwele ezifundweni ze-trigonometry nasekucwaningeni isilinganiso nesilinganiso.
Amavesi e-Quranic mayelana nezibalo zomsakazo wesikole
Izibalo zazisetshenziswa ezindaweni eziningi emavesini e-Holy Quran. UNkulunkulu wabeka inani lezinsuku zokuzila, inani elithile lezinyanga zesikhathi sokulinda, kanye nokwehlukaniswa kwefa ngokwezibalo. Futhi, izilinganiso zezinkanyezi kanye nekhalenda lenyanga ngokusekelwe ezibalweni. ziyikhalenda elisetshenziswa ekukhulekeleni kwamaSulumane njengokuzila ukudla nokuhambela indawo engcwele.
Phakathi kwamavesi lapho izibalo zishiwo khona enkulumweni emayelana nekhalenda nokubala kwezinkanyezi:
UNkulunkulu (oPhezukonke) wathi: “Nguye owenza ilanga libe ngukukhanya nenyanga yaba ukukhanya, futhi wayimisa izigaba, ukuze nazi isibalo seminyaka nokubala.
Kwelinye ivesi, uNkulunkulu ukhuluma ngohlelo lwezinombolo ezithile:
USomandla wathi: “Bayothi zintathu, kanti okwesine kubo yinja yabo, futhi bathi ezinhlanu, futhi eyesithupha kubo yinja yabo, futhi bathi eyisikhombisa, futhi eyesishiyagalombili kubo yinja yabo.
Inhlanganisela iphinde ikhulunywe kwelinye ivesi Kwangathi makadunyiswe futhi aphakame, wathi: “Ngakho-ke ukuzila ukudla izinsuku ezintathu ngeHajj kanye nezinsuku eziyisikhombisa lapho usubuyile, lokho kuyizinsuku eziyishumi ezigcwele.
Isigaba esikhuluma ngezibalo zomsakazo wesikole
Isithunywa sikaNkulunkulu (sengathi imikhuleko kaNkulunkulu nokuthula makube phezu kwakhe) naso sasebenzisa izinombolo nezibalo ezindaweni eziningi, kuhlanganisa nalokho okwafika ku-hadith ehloniphekile elandelayo elandiswa u-Imam Muslim ku (Isahluko sobuhle beSunnah evamile ngaphambi nangemva kwemithandazo eyisibopho. kanye nenkomba yesibalo sabo) ngokugunyazwa kuka-Al-Nu'man bin Salim ngegunya lika-Amr bin Aws owathi: “U-Anbasa wangitshela u-Ibn Abi Sufyan ekuguleni kwakhe lapho ashona khona washiyelwa hadith. : Ngizwe Umm Habiba ethi: Ngisizwile isiThunywa sika Allah (uMvelinqangi Ambusise) sithi: “Okhuleka amaqadi ayishumi nambili emini nasebusuku, uyokwakhelwa indlu ePharadesi kanye nabo. u-Anbasa wathi: “Angizange ngibashiye kusukela ngibazwile ku-Um Habiba.” U-Amr bin Aws wathi: “Angizange ngibashiye kusukela ngibazwile. Amr bin Aws.”
Ukubusa ngezibalo zomsakazo wesikole
Izazi zezibalo ezinkulu kanye nabanye ososayensi nezazi zefilosofi zazama ukuthola incazelo okungachazwa ngayo izibalo, futhi ngamunye wabo wayichaza ngokombono wakhe. lezi sayensi yilezi:
- U-Aristotle wachaza izibalo ngokuthi “isayensi yobuningi,” futhi le ncazelo yaqhubeka kwaze kwaba sekhulwini leshumi nesishiyagalombili.
- UGalileo Galilei wathi: “Indawo yonke ayikwazi ukufundwa kuze kube yilapho sesifunde ulimi, futhi siqaphela izinhlamvu eyayibhalwe ngazo, ibhalwe ngolimi lwezibalo, kanti izinhlamvu zingonxantathu, iziyingi nezinye izimo zejiyomethri.”
- UCarl Friedrich Gauss uchaze izibalo njengendlovukazi yesayensi.
- U-Ibrahim Aslan uthi: “Izibalo zangifundisa ukuthi yonke into engaziwa inenani, ngakho ungamdeleli umuntu ongamazi.”
- "Kulabo ababuza ukuthi yini i-infinitesimal ku-mathematics: impendulo yalokhu inguziro, ngakho-ke azikho izimfihlo eziningi ezifihliwe kulo mqondo njengoba zilindele," kusho uLeonard Bowler.
Indaba emfushane ngezibalo zomsakazo wesikole
Emsakazweni osakazwa ngezibalo, sithanda ukusho izindaba ezihlekisayo ezenzeka ngempela emkhakheni wezibalo, lesi sigameko:
Ngolunye usuku, umfundi waseyunivesithi weza esifundweni sezibalo, futhi wayengalalanga ngayizolo, futhi lapho nje ehlezi esihlalweni esingemuva kwehholo, wazumeka.
Ekupheleni kwenkulumo umfundi wavuka ngenxa yesiphithiphithi sabafundi ngemva kokuphela kwesifundo, wathola imibuzo emibili ebhalwe ebhodini, wacabanga ukuthi yisabelo uProfessor asishiyela abafundi. wayesedlulisa izincwadi ezimbili, waya endlini yakhe.
Umfundi wazama ukuxazulula lezi zinkinga ezimbili futhi wathatha izinsuku ezine ezigcwele ukuze axazulule umsebenzi wakhe wesikole ngemva kokuba kudingeke afune izikhombo eziningi zasekolishi, ngakho wahlala ethukuthelele kakhulu uthisha wakhe owashiya abafundi lo msebenzi wesikole onzima.
Ngesikhathi senkulumo elandelayo, umfundi wayelindele ukuthi uprofesa abuze ngalezi zindaba ezimbili, kodwa akazange abuze, ngakho waya kuye ekupheleni kwenkulumo wathi kuye: “Usishiyele isabelo esinzima kakhulu. , futhi kuthathe izinsuku ezine ezigcwele ukuxazulula lezi zindaba ezimbili, futhi uma ungayinaki le nkulumo!"
Uprofesa wathi kuye ngokumangala: Lezi zindaba ezimbili ziyizibonelo zezindaba ezingenaso isixazululo!
Uyazi ukuthi ubani umfundi ohlakaniphile?!
Impela ngusosayensi omkhulu uGeorges Danzig, ngempilo yakhe iHollywood yenze ifilimu.
Inkondlo ngezibalo zomsakazo wesikole
Kusho imbongi:
I-negative ngemva kokuphika isho ukuthi positive, ngakho ungalilahli ithemba.
Inhlekelele ngemva kwenhlekelele isho ukukhululeka
Imbongi yathi:
Nina eniphika ulwazi buzani sifundiswa... Ukuzivocavoca kwami kufana namanzi engadini
Cha, kodwa izimpande zesayensi, futhi ... isisekelo sokuphakama kwezizwe
I-Algebra nokuhlaziya kuyisayensi ewusizo... kanye nezibalo nokudweba isitatimende
Futhi ukuhlanganiswa nokuhlukanisa kuye kwasiholela ... ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezimfihlakalweni zomhlaba wonke
Futhi amakhompyutha kanye nesayensi yezixazululo zabo... Imfundo iqhume njengentaba-mlilo
Sekuyisilinganiso senqubekela-phambili, okuyisici soPhezukonke kulezi zikhathi
Ngisemnyangweni obizwa ngezinkonzo... Ngabe uyahlangana nalo owaziwa ngokuthi uyaphika?
Wonke umuntu wagoqa imikhono baphuma ... futhi wonke umuntu wayesesikhundleni sakhe njengokapteni
Bekungaba okufanele kakhulu ukubonga...kuthisha onezimbali ze-basil
Akufanele adikibaliswe ukuzimisela kwakhe... Kunalokho, njengezinhliziyo, zidinga umthambo wegazi
Kungaba yini izwi mayelana nezibalo emsakazweni wesikole?
IMathematics ingenye yesayensi ebaluleke kakhulu, futhi isiza nesayensi eminingi, lapho singakwazi ukuqonda okwenzeka endaweni yonke esizungezile, futhi impilo ayinakwenzeka ngaphandle kwezibalo, njengoba yiyona ukuthenga kwakho kubalwa, futhi iyona okukalwa ngayo izinyathelo, futhi kubalwe iminyaka, izinyanga namakhalenda ahlukene.
Futhi ama-Arab, ngezikhathi zokuchuma kombuso wamaSulumane, aba nolwazi olubanzi emkhakheni wezibalo, futhi kubo ukuthi udumo lubuyela emuva ngokusungula i-zero, nokubeka izisekelo zesayensi ye-algebra ne-algebra. intshisekelo kusayensi ye-trigonometry.
Phakathi kwezazi zezibalo zama-Arabhu ezibaluleke kakhulu:
Isazi saseCanada, u-Ibrahim bin Ahmed Al-Shaibani, Abu Barza Al-Hasib, Ali bin Ahmed Al-Baghdadi, Ibn Alam Al-Sharif Al-Baghdadi, Ibn Al-Salah Al-Baghdadi, kanye no-Al-Sadeed Al-Baghdadi.
Ulwazi mayelana nezibalo zomsakazo wesikole
Ithiyori ye-buoyancy, u-Archimedes afinyelela kuyo, yayinendaba ehlekisayo, Inkosi yacela umcwebi ukuba ayenzele umqhele wegolide elicwengekileyo, futhi yamnika nesisindo esithile segolide salokhu.
Kwathi lapho isiqedile ukwenza umqhele, inkosi yasola ukuthi wawungenalo lonke inani legolide eyayilinike umcwebi, nokuthi umcwebi wayewuntshontshile.
Futhi lapha wacela usosayensi u-Archimedes ukuba amxazululele le nkinga ngaphandle kokulimaza umqhele, ngakho u-Archimedes waqala ukucabanga ukuthi angakwenza kanjani lokho futhi waya ekhaya wagcwalisa ubhavu ngamanzi.
Wathi engena kuwo wabona ukuthi kuphume amanzi endishini alingana nomzimba wakhe.
Ngakho wamemeza, ethi: Eureka... Eureka (okusho ukuthi ngiwutholile... ngiwutholile) Manje usengakwazi ukunquma isisindo somqhele ngokuwucwilisa emanzini nokulinganisa ubukhulu bamanzi asusiwe futhi awuqhathanise isisindo segolide lokuqala.
Ngakho, u-Archimedes wakwazi ukukala inqwaba yegolide, okwabangela ukuba isela lilahlekelwe ikhanda!
Lithini igama lasekuseni lezibalo?
Mfundi Othandekayo/Mfundi Othandekayo, Esikoleni esisakazwa ngezibalo ngokugcwele, sigcizelela ukuthi ukuxazulula izinkinga zezibalo kukusiza ukuthi wenze ingqondo yakho isebenze futhi ihlale ivutha, futhi umuntu okhaliphile uyena owazi ukubaluleka kwezibalo.
Ucwaningo lwakamuva lwaseMelika lubonise ukuthi umuntu oxazulula izinkinga zezibalo ngezikhathi ezithile angakwazi ukunqoba ukukhathazeka futhi aphathe izinkinga ezithile ezingokwengqondo ezinjengokucindezeleka, futhi ososayensi baseJalimane bathola ukuthi ukuxazulula izinkinga zezibalo kuvimbela ukwehla kwengqondo kubantu asebekhulile.
Izinkinga zezibalo zingomunye wemisebenzi engavimbela ukuwohloka komsebenzi wobuchopho ngokujwayelekile, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo kufaka cishe zonke izici zokuphila.
Ubuwazi ngezibalo zomsakazo wesikole
Ukusetshenziswa kwezibalo esikhathini esidlule, umuntu wayeziveza emhlabeni, ngakho nomaphi lapho umuntu ayedinga khona ukusebenzisa izibalo nezilinganiso.
Izimpucuko zasendulo zazinaka kakhulu izibalo, ikakhulukazi impucuko yaseBabiloni nempucuko kaFaro, njengoba zazinaka kakhulu isayensi yezinkanyezi, izibalo, nobunjiniyela.
Ulwazi oluthakazelisayo mayelana nezibalo:
- U-Al-Khwarizmi waba ngowokuqala ukuthuthukisa isayensi ye-algebra futhi wayiqamba leli gama.
- U-Al-Khwarizmi waba ngowokuqala ukubeka inombolo enguziro, futhi wengeza ezinombolweni ezingokwemvelo 1, 2, 3, 4...njll.
- Amaplanethi nezinkanyezi zizungeza ngokuphambene newashi.
- U-Al-Khwarizmi ube ngowokuqala ukwethula izinombolo zamaNdiya ngesi-Arabhu, okuyizinombolo esizisebenzisayo kuze kube namuhla ngesi-Arabhu.
- Isazi saseMoroccan Samawal singowokuqala ukusebenzisa ama-exponents angalungile.
Ubuwazi ngezibalo zebanga lokuqala lomsakazo wesikole wokulungiselela!
Ingxenye ethi “Ingabe Ubuwazi” ingenye yezingxenye ezithokozisayo zokwethulwa komsakazo wesikole ngezibalo, futhi nansi eminye imininingwane ethokozisayo:
- Ngo-1900, konke okuhlobene nezibalo kwakungaqoqwa ezincwadini ezingu-80, kodwa namuhla kuthatha inani elingenamkhawulo lezincwadi ukuze kufakwe lokho.
- U-Newton wakwazi ukubeka izisekelo zokubala ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho umfundi ojwayelekile ekwazi ukuqonda le sayensi.
Ubuwazi ngezibalo zomsakazo wesikole sebanga lesithupha!
- Abasebenzisa izimpawu ezibalweni ama-Arab Muslim, futhi bangabokuqala ukusebenzisa izinto ezingaziwa.
- Uphawu “x” lumelela okungaziwa kokuqala, uphawu “y” lumelele okwesibili okungaziwa, kuyilapho uphawu “c” lubonisa impande.
- AbaseGibhithe lasendulo bangabokuqala ukuthola umbuthano eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezinhlanu ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaKristu.
- OFaro baba ngabokuqala ukusebenzisa i-trigonometry, ikakhulukazi ekwakheni amathempeli nemibhoshongo yabo, kodwa kwaba ngama-Arab ayisungula futhi ayiqamba leli gama.
Isiphetho sesikole sisakazwa ngezibalo
Ekuphetheni komsakazo wesikole wezibalo, kufanele wazi, mfundi othandekayo, ukuthi umfundi ohlakaniphile nguye owenza izibalo, ngakho-ke noma yimuphi umkhakha ohlose ukuwusebenzisa noma usebenze kuwo, izibalo zizohlala zingumngane wakho nomsizi ongcono kakhulu. ukuze wenze umsebenzi wakho.
